So you learn to read the label like a crime scene. The +12V rail—that’s the one that matters. CPUs and GPUs drink from it like marathon runners at a water station. If the label says “+12V @ 30A,” that’s 360W. Not 450W. The rest of the wattage is split across +5V and +3.3V, which your hard drives and USB ports sip politely. A 450W PSU with weak +12V is a 360W PSU pretending to be brave.
That’s the first lesson: they hide the truth in plain sight. how to tell power supply wattage
Shutdown. Silence. The machine protecting itself from you. So you learn to read the label like a crime scene